What Can Topology Bring to Chemistry?

The unique mathematical perspectives and principal concepts of topology have not only promoted the development of other branches of mathematics but have also deeply influenced other subjects, particularly physics and chemistry. This minireview aims to elucidate the substantial influence of topology on chemistry by critically examining both the contributions of topology to current chemical science and its potential future impacts. We will discuss the topology of molecular structures and assemblies across various scales-from small molecules and mechanically interlocked molecules to polymers, biomacromolecules, and supramolecular networks. This discussion will include an exploration of cutting-edge techniques for characterizing topological features, underscoring the role of topology as a novel paradigm for the design and synthesis of new molecular assemblies. Furthermore, a critical analysis of topology's role in the development of functional materials- such as photonic materials, polymers, biomacromolecules, and chiral materials-will demonstrate its emerging significance as a crucial parameter in unveiling novel properties and functionalities. Given topology's formidable potential, it is anticipated to be used increasingly to address pivotal challenges within chemistry and adjacent disciplines.