TY - JOUR
T1 - ULF Multi-Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate
AU - Zhang, Qianshi
AU - Zhang, Xiayu
AU - Xin, Boyu
AU - Fan, Zishuo
AU - Jiao, Jie
AU - Liu, Yi
AU - Gao, Anran
AU - Duan, Chungang
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Electronic Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2025/8/6
Y1 - 2025/8/6
N2 - Low-frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves are essential in underwater, deep-earth, and other communication environments due to their minimal attenuation. The magnetoelectric (ME) antenna, a novel mechanical antenna, provides a promising solution for low-frequency EM wave communication, overcoming the limitations of conventional designs in terms of size and efficiency. To address the low transmission rate in low-frequency EM wave communication, this paper proposes a multi-key tunable antenna array based on an ME cantilever beam design. Each antenna array element consists of Metglas/0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.3PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) ME composite. Simulations identified a structure that significantly lowers the resonant frequency, allowing the ME antenna array to operate within the ultra-low frequency (ULF, 300 Hz-3000 Hz) band. Furthermore, the resonant frequency can be tuned over a range of 500 Hz, enabling multi-frequency-shift keying (MFSK) communication. Using quaternary FSK (4FSK) modulation, a 40 baud color image transmission is successfully demonstrated in a 5 S m−1 saline environment. Compared to binary FSK (2FSK) at the same baud rate, the transmission speed is increased by 100%. This approach achieves both low attenuation and high transmission rates, offering a promising new direction for ocean communications.
AB - Low-frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves are essential in underwater, deep-earth, and other communication environments due to their minimal attenuation. The magnetoelectric (ME) antenna, a novel mechanical antenna, provides a promising solution for low-frequency EM wave communication, overcoming the limitations of conventional designs in terms of size and efficiency. To address the low transmission rate in low-frequency EM wave communication, this paper proposes a multi-key tunable antenna array based on an ME cantilever beam design. Each antenna array element consists of Metglas/0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.3PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) ME composite. Simulations identified a structure that significantly lowers the resonant frequency, allowing the ME antenna array to operate within the ultra-low frequency (ULF, 300 Hz-3000 Hz) band. Furthermore, the resonant frequency can be tuned over a range of 500 Hz, enabling multi-frequency-shift keying (MFSK) communication. Using quaternary FSK (4FSK) modulation, a 40 baud color image transmission is successfully demonstrated in a 5 S m−1 saline environment. Compared to binary FSK (2FSK) at the same baud rate, the transmission speed is increased by 100%. This approach achieves both low attenuation and high transmission rates, offering a promising new direction for ocean communications.
KW - ULF communication
KW - antenna
KW - frequency-shift keying (FSK)
KW - magnetoelectric
KW - piezoelectric
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105005577715
U2 - 10.1002/aelm.202500016
DO - 10.1002/aelm.202500016
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:105005577715
SN - 2199-160X
VL - 11
JO - Advanced Electronic Materials
JF - Advanced Electronic Materials
IS - 12
M1 - 2500016
ER -