Palladium complex catalyzed heck coupling reaction in synergic functionalized ionic liquid system

In the functionalized ionic liquid (FIL) system of [BMIM] [TPPMS] and [BMIM] [OAc], PdCl₂(CH₃CN)₂ efficiently coupled bromobenzene and ethyl acrylate to ethyl cinnamate with a yield of 60% (Heck reaction) and without the activity loss even after eleven recycling uses. The favourable impacts of this ionic liquid system on the activity and the stability were explained in terms of synergic ligand effects of [BMIM] [TPPMS] and [BMIM] [OAc], no formation of sodium or ammonium bromides as slurry mixtures by using [BMIM] [OAc] as base, and the positive effect of [BMIM] Br by forbidding the formation of palladium black. The generality of this FIL system to the substrates with different electronical effects also gave out the pleasing results.