Novel 28 microsatellite loci using high-throughput sequencing for an endangered species on Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Cupressaceae)

Metasequoia glyptostroboides is a living fossil and an endangered species listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Distinguishing the genotypes of all wild individuals of M. glyptostroboides is important to delimit management units and key germplasm resources. We characterized 28 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci using a streptavidin–biotin microsatellite-enriched library and Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Characteristics of each locus were tested using 140 individuals collected from five natural populations of M. glyptostroboides. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 20, with a mean number of about 8 alleles. The observed and expected heterozygosities in each population ranged from 0.0000 to 1.0000 and from 0.0000 to 0.8958, respectively. Four to nine loci were cross-amplified successfully in seven species of Cupressaceae. The novel SSR markers will provide a toolkit for DNA identification of all of the extant wild individuals guiding further conservation efforts of M. glyptostroboides.