Generation of one-dimensional array of focused hollow-beam pipes and its surface microscopic waveguide for cold atoms or molecules

We propose a new scheme to guide cold atoms (or molecules) by using a, one-dimensional (1) array of focused hollow-beam pipes generated by the combination of a binary phase grating and a ID array of micro-cylindrical lenses on the substrate surface. We also calculate the intensity distribution of the focused hollow-beam pipe array and its optical potential for ⁸⁵Rb atoms. The result shows that when the blue detuning of the incident beam and its intensity are 10 GHz and 7.0 × 10³ W/m² respectively, the horizontal dark spot size of each focused hollow-beam pipe and the efficient optical potential are 4.4μm and ∼ 0.23mK, which is high enough to guide cold ⁸⁵Rb atoms (∼ 20 μK) from a standard optical molasses and then to realize the ID array of surface atomic waveguides on an atom chip.