Editorial Expression of Concern: Loss of Smad4 promotes aggressive lung cancer metastasis by de-repression of PAK3 via miRNA regulation(Nature Communications, 10.1038/s41467-021-24898-9)

The Editorswould like to alert the readers that concerns have been raised regarding similarities between different images in this article. Specifically, • the 0 h, SPK-1 assay in Figure 2c appears to overlap with the 0h, SPK Antagonist miR-543 assay in Figure 2 g; • the p-JNK and p-Jun panels in the top row of Figure 6 h appear to overlap partially. The Authors provided some source data on request from the Editors, but this was insufficient to address the concerns raised. Readers are advised to interpret these results with caution. Xiaotao Li, Lu Tong, Lei Li, and Kwok-kin Wong agree with this Editorial Expression of Concern. Jian Liu did not explicitly statewhether or not they agreewith this Editorial Expression of Concern. Xiaohong Tan, Lin Li, Jinjin Xu, Shaofang Xie, Lei Ji, Junjiang Fu, Qingwu Liu, Shihui Shen, Yun Liu, Yanhui Xiao, Feiran Gao, Robb E.Moses, Nabeel Bardeesy, YanxiaoWang, Jishuai Zhang, Longying Tang,Dianwen Song, and Xiao Yang did not respond to correspondence about this Editorial Expression of Concern.