A novel glucose biosensor based on palladium nanoparticles and its application in detection of glucose level in urine

A novel glucose biosensor was constructed by electrodcposition of highly dispersed palladium (Pd) nanoparticles on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied to characterize its surface morphology. Electrodeposited Pd nanoparticles exhibited efficiently electrocatalytic oxidation for hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) with relatively high sensitivity and stability, which was studied by CV technique and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The GC/Pd/GOD/Nafion system allowed a low working potential of + 0.3 V (vs. SCE). Its signal current was linearly related to the glucose concentration in the range of 1.0 × 10^-6-1.2 × 10^-4 mol·L^-1 with a detection limit of 5.0 × 10^-7 mol·L^-1. The sensor required no special pretreatment to suppress interference from urate and L-ascorbate. It was successfully used in detection of glucose level in human urine with high stability, sensitivity and anti-poisoning ability.