A GIS and remote sensing-based analysis of migratory bird habitat suitability for Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve, Shanghai

Chongming Dongtan National Nature Reserve is located in the mouth of the Yangtze Estuary and is an important habitat for international migratory birds. The bird habitats in this region are undergoing rapid changes as a result of natural factors and human activities. In this study, current field surveys on land use, vegetation, creek and benthos presence, etc. for the nature reserve, allowed the key factors for the bird habitats to be recognized, and the qualitative and quantitative relationships between bird populations and these key environmental factors to be established. Based on a polygon assessment unit extracted by an object-oriented image method, the habitat suitability for 4 main types of birds: Anatidae, Charadriidae, Ardeidae, Laridae was analyzed and assessed, in conjunction with Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems. The results showed that (1) the total area of suitable habitats for birds in the nature reserve was about 40 percent; (2) the Scirpus mariqueter zone, mudflat zone and creek zone were the most suitable habitats for the birds; and (3) this study indicated the potential for this simple approach to evaluate objectively and effectively the species habitat suitability in a rapidly changing environment. The results from this study could provide valuable insights into biodiversity conservation and environmental planning, and wetland conservation and management for Chongming Dongtan National Nature Reserve.