A Distributed Economic Dispatch Algorithm Based on Multi-Agent Consensus Control and Incremental Power Supplying

In this paper, the economic dispatch problem (EDP) is studied for an energy internet, which is composed of energy routers (ERs) and intelligent microgrids interconnected with the main grid. The intelligent microgrid consists of several distributed generators (DGs), energy storage units, loads and intelligent control units. A distributed economic dispatch algorithm is proposed based on the leader-follower consensus and the average-consensus protocols. The average power mismatch of all buses of the whole microgrid is iteratively estimated by the average-consensus algorithm. After each iteration, the increment of power is adjusted by the energy router. By algebraic graph theory and limit theory, it is proved that if the network topology of the energy internet contains a spanning tree with the energy router as the root node, then the algorithm ensures that the incremental costs (ICs) of all distributed generators tend to the electricity price obtained by the energy router, the balance of energy supply and demand is asymptotically achieved for the whole microgrid system, and the economic dispatch is asymptotically optimal. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.