组成型雄甾烷受体的生物学功能及其病理生理学意义

Constitutive androstane receptor（CAR），a pivotal member of the nuclear receptor superfamily，is predominantly expressed in the liver and intestine. It plays a central role in orchestrating the metabolic clearance of xenobi⁃ otics and endogenous metabolites. Unlike classical nuclear receptors，CAR exhibits constitutive transcriptional activity in the absence of ligands. In addition to its well-established function in regulating genes involved in drug metabolism and transport，accumulating evidence highlights its broader regulatory capacity in glucose and lipid homeostasis，bile acid me⁃ tabolism，hormonal balance，and cellular proliferation. Furthermore，aberrant CAR signaling has been associated with the development and progression of multiple pathological conditions，including hepatic steatosis，diabetes，cancers，and cardiovascular diseases. This review summarizes the biological functions of CAR and its pathophysiological significance.