描写的政治：卢卡奇与朗西埃论《包法利夫人》

Flaubert's renowned work Madame Bovaryserves as a significant bridge between realism and modernism literature,characterized by its frequent use of description that even influences the narrative process.Lukacs criticized Flaubert and naturalism for over-reliance on description,arguing that it violated Aristotle's“action poetics”and disrupted the organic nature of the work.Politically,the abundance of description reflected the bourgeoisie's indifference to real struggles and a pessimistic outlook towards the future.From a contemporary radical political perspective,Rancière admired Madame Bovary's descriptive style as embodying an equal aesthetic democracy that rebelled against Aristotle's imitation/representation aesthetics with implied hierarchy,disturbed existing partition of the sensible,and led to a new politics of difference.As part of Western Marxism thought tradition,Rancière and Lukacs' s views were in contention with each other;comparing them can help us better understand their thoughts as well as Flaubert's creation.The different imitative perspectives implied by them can also deepen our understanding of Western aesthetics and literature.