全球海空枢纽识别与影响因素研究

The global sea-air hub is the interaction of maritime transport, air transport and land transport, with more powerful and broader transportation and distribution capabilities. In addition to the basic transportation function, the sea-air hub also develops as the power source of urban and regional economic development with its unique industrial operation process. This paper identifies global sea-air hubs based on connectivity and throughput, proposes the sea-air index to represent the transportation and distribution capacity of the hub, and further explores the impact of different factors on the capacity of sea-air hubs. The results are as follows: (1) The article identified 35 global sea- air hubs, including Shanghai, New York, Singapore, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Dubai, Los Angeles and other cities, clustered in East Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe and North America, most of which are located in important global cities or global shipping lanes. Shanghai ranks at the forefront of connectivity and throughput as an important sea-air hub. (2) Singapore is the top of sea-air hubs in the world. China's sea-air hubs’rankings are generally high, while most cities in Southeast Asia and South Asia rank low in sea-air hub index. Most of the sea-air hubs are distributed in high-income countries (regions) and upper-middle countries (regions), but there is a certain heterogeneity between the degree of sea-air hubs and the income level of countries and regions. Even the sea-air hubs located in the same country have great differences in the performance of the sea-air index (3) The number of urban population, the proportion of foreign population, the number of shipowner enterprise, the water depth of the port, the average number of ships at the port, the number of airport terminals, the proportion of international passengers and the number of air transport companies settled in the airport have a significant impact on the degree of sea-air hub of the city. The significance of sea transport and air transport indicators is higher than that of hinterland cities and infrastructure attribute index and economic and social attribute index are equally significant.