全球尺度水文模型:机遇、挑战与展望

The water cycle occurs on a global scale, and solutions to local and watershed water problems also often require a global perspective. Therefore, global hydrological models(GHMs)are emerging and fast-growing as a separate research field in the last two decades. In this review paper, we discuss the research significance and great potential of global hydrological modelling and observation, systematically summarize the status of the existing global hydrological models, analyze the main shortcomings and challenges of existing global hydrological models, in order to further improve the models, outlook the trend and momentum of global hydrological model development, in terms of model mechanism, big data, new technology, and the coupling of multi-sectoral models.