Underestimated single-aliquot quartz OSL ages of Late-Pleistocene sediments due to the dominance of medium component

Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating technique has increasingly been employed to establish chronologies for coastal deposits since the Late Pleistocene. However, the commonly used single-aliquot quartz OSL dating method may yield inaccurate ages due to factors such as partial bleaching, luminescence characteristics, and the age limit of quartz. In this study, taking the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) as an example, single-aliquot and single-grain OSL dating using varying grain-sized quartz and K-feldspar were cross-checked to establish appropriate dating method for Late-Pleistocene sediments in coastal areas. The quartz OSL signals of the upper 24 m Holocene sediments were dominated by the fast component, and the ages obtained through OSL and AMS ¹⁴C ages agree. Conversely, the lower 24–91 m section, representing the last glacial-interglacial cycle, reveals a notable underestimation of quartz OSL ages, with a maximum underestimation of 250%, attributed to the influence of signal components. For samples within the dating limit of quartz (less than 70 ka), the single-grain method effectively mitigates the issue associated with the signal component. Single-grain K-feldspar technique proves valuable for accurately determining the age of those older sediments exceeding 70 ka. Through cross-checking between different OSL dating methods, sediments initially attributed to marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 (36–60 ka) are re-identified as deposited during MIS 5 (80–130 ka). This study highlights the necessity of assessing the variability in luminescence characteristics before applying a single OSL dating protocol to all samples from different sedimentary facies within a single core.