Theoretical analysis of the second-harmonic light power in a biaxial crystal

Theoretical analyses are presented on the critically phase-matched second-harmonic generation (SHG) in a biaxial crystal with the focused fundamental Gaussian beams. The dependence of the second-harmonic light power on the phase matching conditions, focused geometries, walk-off effects, and absorptions are discussed in detail. Expressions are presented for calculating the light power of the types I and II SHGs in the biaxial crystal, applied to optimize the blue light generation with the LiB₃O₅ crystal. A maximum conversion efficiency of around 37% is obtained with 798-nm laser power of 500 mW.