The cellular mechanisms of exercise adaptation from the perspective of skeletal muscle plasticity

As highly plastic tissue, skeletal muscle adapts to stressors such as exercise. Reasonable amount of exercise is known to play a role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. However, in the field of Exercise Physiology, the debate has been on for a while as to which kind of exercise is more effective in health promotion. In this review, the authors contrast and compare the signaling pathways mediated by different types of exercise, and boldly speculate the intrinsic similarities and discrepancies among them, hoping to enrich the theoretical frames of exercise adaptation, as well as provide effective exercise regimen to the public.