Strengthening unidirectional liquid pumping using multi-biomimetic structures

Previous studies have demonstrated the achievement of directional flow under relatively steady conditions. However, for a wide range of practical applications from water harvesting, thermal management, oil–water separation and microfluidics to functional textiles, the unidirectional pumping of liquids should be also preserved under dynamic conditions that involve the impacting droplets and continuous flow. In this study, by drawing multiple inspirations from pitcher plant, desert lizard and springtail, we develop a biomimetic surface that allows for an effective, unidirectional pumping of dynamic liquids with enhanced stability. These findings would provide us important insights for the development of robust unidirectional liquid pumping devices.