Recent advances on strong light-matter coupling in atomically thin TMDC semiconductor materials

The strong light-matter interaction between the exciton of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and photonic nanocavities leads to the formation of unique hybrid light-matter quasiparticles known as exciton-polaritons. The newly formed mixed state has the advantages of the photonic part such as rapid propagation and low effective mass and the highly desirable optical properties of TMDC's exciton, including the interparticle strong interactions nonlinearity and spin-valley polarization. These joint properties make such systems an ideal platform for studying many compelling physics phenomena and open the possibility of designing novel optoelectronic devices. This work reviews recent progress of strong coupling between exciton in TMDC and different resonant photonic structures, such as optical microcavities, plasmonic and all-dielectric nanocavities. Furthermore, we discussed the unique valleytronic and nonlinear properties of TMDC monolayers in the strong coupling regime. Finally, we highlighted some of the challenges and potential future research opportunities in this field.