Rational design of electrochemical molecular probes for highly selective and long term measurement in vivo

Designing electrochemical interfaces for in vivo analysis of neurochemicals with high selectivity and long-Term stability is vital for monitoring dynamic variation and dissecting the complex mechanisms of pathogenesis in living animals. This review focuses on the development of electrochemical interfaces based on rational design of molecular probes for in vivo measurement with high selectivity and high stability from three aspects: (1) Specific recognition probes were rationally designed and created to remarkably improve the selectivity of in vivo analysis in a complicated brain environment. (2) The Au-CC functionalized surface was developed to remarkably enhance the stability of molecular assembly, and employed for real-Time mapping and accurate quantification in the brains. (3) Combined with the Au-CC functionalized molecular probe, the new type anti-biofouling microfiber array was established to achieve long-Term and real-Time monitoring dynamic changes in the brain. At last, some perspectives are highlighted in the further development of the efficient electrochemical interfaces for in vivo detection in the brain.