Propagation and interaction of matter-wave solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates with time-dependent scattering length and varying potentials

We present two families of one-soliton solutions and three families of two-soliton solutions for a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which is characterized by the time-dependent scattering length and varying potentials. Then, we investigate the propagation of one-soliton and interactions of two-soliton by some selected control functions. The results show that the intensities of one- and two-soliton first increase rapidly to a peak value, and then decay very slowly to the background value; thus, the lifetimes of both one-soliton and two-soliton in Bose-Einstein condensates can be extended largely at least to the order of the lifetime of a Bose-Einstein condensate in real experiments. Our results open up new ways of considerable experimental interest for the management of matter-wave solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates.