Programmable spectrum customization of pulse illumination via multi-dimensional wavefront shaping

Wavefront shaping techniques, harnessing time, space, polarization, and frequency, offer a transformative approach to ultrafast optics by enabling precise control over pulse illumination. We present a fiber-monitored wavefront-shaping-based spectrum-customizable illumination system (FWSI) that leverages femtosecond sources and spectral transmission matrix (STM) calibration to achieve rapid, programmable spectral customization of pulse illumination. Utilizing multimode fiber waveguides and real-time spectral monitoring, the FWSI delivers picosecond pulse illumination with energies up to ~0.98 nJ, spanning 1045-1075 nm, fully using modulator switching rates ~60 Hz. Validated for single-wavelength scanning, multi-wavelength management, and bandwidth adjustment, this system paves the way for rapid, multi-dimensional illumination control, surpassing traditional laser cavity limitations. This approach promises future advancements in applications such as photoacoustic imaging, multiphoton microscopy, and time-of-flight 3D sensing by enabling flexible illumination engineering.