Production of High-Purity 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid through Electrocatalytic Oxidation of 2,5-Bis(hydroxymethyl)furan over Reconstructed Ni₂P/NF

The generation of high-valence surface active species (such as CoOOH and NiOOH) determines the crucial oxidation rates and stabilities in the electrocatalytic reactions. Herein, a unique Ni₂P/NF catalyst is designed using a chemical vapor deposition method along with a rapid reconstruction (Ni²⁺→ Ni³⁺) rate, stably achieving ≈90% FDCA yields from BHMF electron-oxidation after 10 cycles at a formation rate of 218 μmol_FDCA cm⁻² h⁻¹ (seven times higher than data in reported literature). The abundance of available electrons near the Ni-3d Fermi level, together with the reduced NiP bond strength and the lowest electronegativity of Ni₂P, accelerates surface NiOOH species formation. In addition, the electrocatalytic oxidation of BHMF offers a more stable furan-based substrate, while also prolonging the residence time of the oxidative intermediate HMF. This mitigates humin formation, thereby enabling the synthesis of high-purity FDCA (>99%) at high concentrations (100 mmol L⁻¹), making it a promising approach for efficient FDCA synthesis.