Photoelectrochemical water splitting on highly smooth and ordered TiO 2 nanotube arrays for hydrogen generation

Zhonghai Zhang; Md Faruk Hossain; Takakazu Takahashi

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.03.032

Photoelectrochemical water splitting on highly smooth and ordered TiO ₂ nanotube arrays for hydrogen generation

Zhonghai Zhang
, Md Faruk Hossain
, Takakazu Takahashi^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

University of Toyama

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

239 Scopus citations

Abstract

To improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting efficiency for hydrogen production, we reported the fabrication of lotus-root-shaped, highly smooth and ordered TiO₂ nanotube arrays (TiO₂ NTs) by a simple and effective two-step anodization method. The TiO₂ NTs prepared in the two-step anodization process (2-step TiO₂ NTs) showed better surface smoothness and tube orderliness than those of TiO₂ NTs prepared in one-step anodization process (1-step TiO₂ NTs). Under illumination of 100 mW/cm² (AM 1.5, simulated solar light) in 1 M KOH solution, water was oxidized on the 2-step TiO₂ NTs electrode with higher efficiency (incident-photon-to-current efficiency of 43.4% at 360 nm and photocurrent density of 0.90 mA/cm² at 1.23 V_RHE) than that on the 1-step TiO₂ NTs electrode. The effective photon-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency was found to be 0.18% and 0.49% for 1-step TiO₂ NTs and 2-step TiO₂ NTs, respectively. These results suggested that the structural smoothness and orderliness of TiO ₂ NTs played an important role in improving the PEC water splitting application for hydrogen generation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	8528-8535
Number of pages	8
Journal	International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Volume	35
Issue number	16
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.03.032
State	Published - Aug 2010
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Anodization
Hydrogen generation
Photoelectrochemical water splitting
TiO nanotube

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.03.032

Cite this

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title = "Photoelectrochemical water splitting on highly smooth and ordered TiO 2 nanotube arrays for hydrogen generation",

abstract = "To improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting efficiency for hydrogen production, we reported the fabrication of lotus-root-shaped, highly smooth and ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTs) by a simple and effective two-step anodization method. The TiO2 NTs prepared in the two-step anodization process (2-step TiO2 NTs) showed better surface smoothness and tube orderliness than those of TiO2 NTs prepared in one-step anodization process (1-step TiO2 NTs). Under illumination of 100 mW/cm2 (AM 1.5, simulated solar light) in 1 M KOH solution, water was oxidized on the 2-step TiO2 NTs electrode with higher efficiency (incident-photon-to-current efficiency of 43.4\% at 360 nm and photocurrent density of 0.90 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE) than that on the 1-step TiO2 NTs electrode. The effective photon-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency was found to be 0.18\% and 0.49\% for 1-step TiO2 NTs and 2-step TiO2 NTs, respectively. These results suggested that the structural smoothness and orderliness of TiO 2 NTs played an important role in improving the PEC water splitting application for hydrogen generation.",

keywords = "Anodization, Hydrogen generation, Photoelectrochemical water splitting, TiO nanotube",

author = "Zhonghai Zhang and Hossain, \{Md Faruk\} and Takakazu Takahashi",

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AU - Zhang, Zhonghai

AU - Hossain, Md Faruk

AU - Takahashi, Takakazu

PY - 2010/8

Y1 - 2010/8

N2 - To improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting efficiency for hydrogen production, we reported the fabrication of lotus-root-shaped, highly smooth and ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTs) by a simple and effective two-step anodization method. The TiO2 NTs prepared in the two-step anodization process (2-step TiO2 NTs) showed better surface smoothness and tube orderliness than those of TiO2 NTs prepared in one-step anodization process (1-step TiO2 NTs). Under illumination of 100 mW/cm2 (AM 1.5, simulated solar light) in 1 M KOH solution, water was oxidized on the 2-step TiO2 NTs electrode with higher efficiency (incident-photon-to-current efficiency of 43.4% at 360 nm and photocurrent density of 0.90 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE) than that on the 1-step TiO2 NTs electrode. The effective photon-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency was found to be 0.18% and 0.49% for 1-step TiO2 NTs and 2-step TiO2 NTs, respectively. These results suggested that the structural smoothness and orderliness of TiO 2 NTs played an important role in improving the PEC water splitting application for hydrogen generation.

AB - To improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting efficiency for hydrogen production, we reported the fabrication of lotus-root-shaped, highly smooth and ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTs) by a simple and effective two-step anodization method. The TiO2 NTs prepared in the two-step anodization process (2-step TiO2 NTs) showed better surface smoothness and tube orderliness than those of TiO2 NTs prepared in one-step anodization process (1-step TiO2 NTs). Under illumination of 100 mW/cm2 (AM 1.5, simulated solar light) in 1 M KOH solution, water was oxidized on the 2-step TiO2 NTs electrode with higher efficiency (incident-photon-to-current efficiency of 43.4% at 360 nm and photocurrent density of 0.90 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE) than that on the 1-step TiO2 NTs electrode. The effective photon-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency was found to be 0.18% and 0.49% for 1-step TiO2 NTs and 2-step TiO2 NTs, respectively. These results suggested that the structural smoothness and orderliness of TiO 2 NTs played an important role in improving the PEC water splitting application for hydrogen generation.

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KW - Hydrogen generation

KW - Photoelectrochemical water splitting

KW - TiO nanotube

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