Nonlocal symmetry and similarity reductions for a (2+1) -dimensional Korteweg–de Vries equation

Based on the Lax pair, the nonlocal symmetries to (2 + 1) -dimensional Korteweg–de Vries equation are investigated, which are also constructed by the truncated Painlevé expansion method. Through introducing some internal spectrum parameters, infinitely many nonlocal symmetries are given. By choosing four suitable auxiliary variables, nonlocal symmetries are localized to a closed prolonged system. Via solving the initial-value problems, the finite symmetry transformations are obtained to generate new solutions. Moreover, rich explicit interaction solutions are presented by similarity reductions. In particular, bright soliton, dark soliton, bell-typed soliton and soliton interacting with elliptic solutions are found. Through computer numerical simulation, the dynamical phenomena of these interaction solutions are displayed in graphical way, which show meaningful structures.