Metal-organic framework derivatives for promoted capacitive deionization of oxygenated saline water

Capacitive deionization (CDI) using porous materials is a sustainable method for providing affordable freshwater, but the low salt adsorption capacity and poor cycling stability of benchmark carbon materials significantly limit the practical implementation. Metal-organic framework (MOF) derivatives, such as pyrolytic carbons, pyrolytic metal-containing carbons, and MOF-based hybrids, have been designed as an alternative to conventionally used carbon materials. In particular, for the CDI of oxygenated saline water, which has always been a great challenge, MOF derivatives have also demonstrated enhanced salt adsorption capacity and cycling stability. MOF derivatives provide a new opportunity to significantly expand the library of advanced materials suitable for CDI technologies with improved performance.