Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection Using Deep Learning: A Review

Hyperspectral image-anomaly detection (HSI-AD) has become one of the research hotspots in the field of remote sensing. Because HSI’s features of integrating image and spectrum provide a considerable data basis for abnormal object detection, HSI-AD has a huge application potential in HSI analysis. It is difficult to effectively extract a large number of nonlinear features contained in HSI data using traditional machine learning methods, and deep learning has incomparable advantages in the extraction of nonlinear features. Therefore, deep learning has been widely used in HSI-AD and has shown excellent performance. This review systematically summarizes the related reference of HSI-AD based on deep learning and classifies the corresponding methods into performance comparisons. Specifically, we first introduce the characteristics of HSI-AD and the challenges faced by traditional methods and introduce the advantages of deep learning in dealing with these problems. Then, we systematically review and classify the corresponding methods of HSI-AD. Finally, the performance of the HSI-AD method based on deep learning is compared on several mainstream data sets, and the existing challenges are summarized. The main purpose of this article is to give a more comprehensive overview of the HSI-AD method to provide a reference for future research work.