TY - JOUR
T1 - Frequency-temperature effect of hydrogen maser
T2 - Theoretical analysis and temperature control optimization
AU - Liu, Shanmin
AU - Wu, Xiaoguang
AU - Hu, Haitao
AU - Chen, Xin
AU - Wang, Fan
AU - Wang, Wei
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Author(s).
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - The internal temperature environment of a hydrogen maser (H maser) is one of the main factors, which limit the frequency stability of hydrogen atomic clocks (HACs). In the present study, the thermodynamic interactions between the atomic transition frequency and the cavity-bulb assembly affecting the H maser were investigated, and the cavity-pulling effect and the bulb wall frequency shift effect induced by the change in temperature were quantitatively analyzed and calculated. Moreover, the effect of the temperature gradient on the temperature sensitivity of the frequency stability (i.e., the frequency-temperature effect) was qualitatively analyzed. The precision temperature control system was optimized based on the HAC temperature stability requirement through the simulation of the temperature field for different heating pattern methods. The optimization effect was verified experimentally, and the results show that after optimizing the design, the temperature stability is improved from ±0.005 K to ±0.001 K, and the frequency deviation is decreased from 3 × 10-15 to 1 × 10-15. The research results may provide theoretical and practical references for improving the frequency stability and accuracy of HACs.
AB - The internal temperature environment of a hydrogen maser (H maser) is one of the main factors, which limit the frequency stability of hydrogen atomic clocks (HACs). In the present study, the thermodynamic interactions between the atomic transition frequency and the cavity-bulb assembly affecting the H maser were investigated, and the cavity-pulling effect and the bulb wall frequency shift effect induced by the change in temperature were quantitatively analyzed and calculated. Moreover, the effect of the temperature gradient on the temperature sensitivity of the frequency stability (i.e., the frequency-temperature effect) was qualitatively analyzed. The precision temperature control system was optimized based on the HAC temperature stability requirement through the simulation of the temperature field for different heating pattern methods. The optimization effect was verified experimentally, and the results show that after optimizing the design, the temperature stability is improved from ±0.005 K to ±0.001 K, and the frequency deviation is decreased from 3 × 10-15 to 1 × 10-15. The research results may provide theoretical and practical references for improving the frequency stability and accuracy of HACs.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85087892728
U2 - 10.1063/5.0008072
DO - 10.1063/5.0008072
M3 - 文章
C2 - 32752807
AN - SCOPUS:85087892728
SN - 0034-6748
VL - 91
JO - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF - Review of Scientific Instruments
IS - 7
M1 - 073201
ER -