Efficient Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells Through Inhibiting Hole Accumulation

Haobo Yuan; Xiaodong Li; Wenxiao Zhang; Yuyang Hu; Jianhong Xu; Tengyi You; Qiang Weng; Yunjie Mao; Ting Shu; Junfeng Fang

doi:10.1002/adma.202502680

Efficient Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells Through Inhibiting Hole Accumulation

Haobo Yuan
, Xiaodong Li^*
, Wenxiao Zhang^*
, Yuyang Hu
, Jianhong Xu
, Tengyi You
, Qiang Weng
, Yunjie Mao
, Ting Shu
, Junfeng Fang^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Electronic Science

East China Normal University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) own the highest theoretical efficiency due to their ideal bandgap. However, the efficiency of Sn-Pb PSCs remains 22–23% at present, which is much lower than Pb-based PSCs. One key reason lies in the Sn²⁺ oxidation issue. Here, this study demonstrates that apart from well-known chemical environmental oxidation, photo-generated holes and their accumulation are also a critical factor for Sn²⁺ oxidation in Sn-Pb PSCs. To address this issue, a non-planar hole transport layer (HTL) of P3CT/Me-4PACz is designed through solution micelle regulation. P3CT/Me-4PACz will form a 3D HTL film with a spike-like structure penetrating Sn-Pb perovskite bulk to accelerate hole extraction, thus inhibiting holes accumulation and Sn²⁺ oxidation. Resulted Sn-Pb PSCs exhibit the highest efficiency of over 24% with good operational stability, retaining 82% of initial efficiency after continuous MPP tracking for 1000 h at an elevated temperature of 55 °C.

Original language	English
Article number	2502680
Journal	Advanced Materials
Volume	37
Issue number	30
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202502680
State	Published - 29 Jul 2025

Keywords

Sn oxidation
Sn-Pb perovskite
hole accumulation
hole transport layer
micelle regulation

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title = "Efficient Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells Through Inhibiting Hole Accumulation",

abstract = "Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) own the highest theoretical efficiency due to their ideal bandgap. However, the efficiency of Sn-Pb PSCs remains 22–23\% at present, which is much lower than Pb-based PSCs. One key reason lies in the Sn2+ oxidation issue. Here, this study demonstrates that apart from well-known chemical environmental oxidation, photo-generated holes and their accumulation are also a critical factor for Sn2+ oxidation in Sn-Pb PSCs. To address this issue, a non-planar hole transport layer (HTL) of P3CT/Me-4PACz is designed through solution micelle regulation. P3CT/Me-4PACz will form a 3D HTL film with a spike-like structure penetrating Sn-Pb perovskite bulk to accelerate hole extraction, thus inhibiting holes accumulation and Sn2+ oxidation. Resulted Sn-Pb PSCs exhibit the highest efficiency of over 24\% with good operational stability, retaining 82\% of initial efficiency after continuous MPP tracking for 1000 h at an elevated temperature of 55 °C.",

keywords = "Sn oxidation, Sn-Pb perovskite, hole accumulation, hole transport layer, micelle regulation",

author = "Haobo Yuan and Xiaodong Li and Wenxiao Zhang and Yuyang Hu and Jianhong Xu and Tengyi You and Qiang Weng and Yunjie Mao and Ting Shu and Junfeng Fang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.",

year = "2025",

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day = "29",

doi = "10.1002/adma.202502680",

language = "英语",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Efficient Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells Through Inhibiting Hole Accumulation

AU - Yuan, Haobo

AU - Li, Xiaodong

AU - Zhang, Wenxiao

AU - Hu, Yuyang

AU - Xu, Jianhong

AU - You, Tengyi

AU - Weng, Qiang

AU - Mao, Yunjie

AU - Shu, Ting

AU - Fang, Junfeng

PY - 2025/7/29

Y1 - 2025/7/29

N2 - Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) own the highest theoretical efficiency due to their ideal bandgap. However, the efficiency of Sn-Pb PSCs remains 22–23% at present, which is much lower than Pb-based PSCs. One key reason lies in the Sn2+ oxidation issue. Here, this study demonstrates that apart from well-known chemical environmental oxidation, photo-generated holes and their accumulation are also a critical factor for Sn2+ oxidation in Sn-Pb PSCs. To address this issue, a non-planar hole transport layer (HTL) of P3CT/Me-4PACz is designed through solution micelle regulation. P3CT/Me-4PACz will form a 3D HTL film with a spike-like structure penetrating Sn-Pb perovskite bulk to accelerate hole extraction, thus inhibiting holes accumulation and Sn2+ oxidation. Resulted Sn-Pb PSCs exhibit the highest efficiency of over 24% with good operational stability, retaining 82% of initial efficiency after continuous MPP tracking for 1000 h at an elevated temperature of 55 °C.

AB - Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) own the highest theoretical efficiency due to their ideal bandgap. However, the efficiency of Sn-Pb PSCs remains 22–23% at present, which is much lower than Pb-based PSCs. One key reason lies in the Sn2+ oxidation issue. Here, this study demonstrates that apart from well-known chemical environmental oxidation, photo-generated holes and their accumulation are also a critical factor for Sn2+ oxidation in Sn-Pb PSCs. To address this issue, a non-planar hole transport layer (HTL) of P3CT/Me-4PACz is designed through solution micelle regulation. P3CT/Me-4PACz will form a 3D HTL film with a spike-like structure penetrating Sn-Pb perovskite bulk to accelerate hole extraction, thus inhibiting holes accumulation and Sn2+ oxidation. Resulted Sn-Pb PSCs exhibit the highest efficiency of over 24% with good operational stability, retaining 82% of initial efficiency after continuous MPP tracking for 1000 h at an elevated temperature of 55 °C.

KW - Sn oxidation

KW - Sn-Pb perovskite

KW - hole accumulation

KW - hole transport layer

KW - micelle regulation

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105005216526

U2 - 10.1002/adma.202502680

DO - 10.1002/adma.202502680

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:105005216526

SN - 0935-9648

VL - 37

JO - Advanced Materials

JF - Advanced Materials

IS - 30

M1 - 2502680

ER -

Efficient Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells Through Inhibiting Hole Accumulation

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Keywords

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