Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of colchicine derivatives as novel tubulin and histone deacetylase dual inhibitors

A new class of colchicine derivatives were designed and synthesized as tubulin-HDAC dual inhibitors. Biological evaluations of these hybrids included the inhibitory activity of HDAC, tubulin polymerization analysis, in vitro cell cycle analysis in HCT-116 cells and cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. Hybrid 6d behaved as potent HDAC-tubulin dual inhibitor and showed comparable cytotoxicity with colchicine. Compound 11a exhibited powerful tubulin inhibitory activity, moderate anti-HDAC activity and the most potent cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ Combining double low line 2-105 nM).