Abstract
Ratiometric fluorescence (FL) probes can eliminate the background interference and provide more accurate detection results than single emission intensity-based nanoprobes. Recently, carbon dots (CDs)-based ratiometric FL probes have received extensive research attention due to their excellent biocompatibility, water solubility, and multi-emission capabilities. In this review, we firstly summarize the construction strategies of CDs-based ratiometric FL probes, including physical mixing, nanohybrid, and dual-emitting CDs strategies. Additionally, we classify the sensing types of CDs-based ratiometric FL probes into five categories according to the difference in spectral variation caused by analytes: “single-response-ON”, “single-response-OFF”, “double-responses-ON”, “double-responses-OFF”, and “double-responses-Reverse” types. Finally, a thorough overview of CDs-based ratiometric FL probe applications in ions, molecules, pH, and temperature sensing is provided. We believe this review can show the latest research progress of CDs-based ratiometric FL sensing fields and provide perspectives on future developments for the construction of CDs-based ratiometric FL probes and their potential applications. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1064-1083 |
| Number of pages | 20 |
| Journal | Nano Research |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 2023 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- a review
- carbon dots
- construction strategy
- ratiometric fluorescent probes
- sensing type