Cololejeunea yulensis (Steph.) Benedix and Rhaphidolejeunea spicata (Steph.) Grolle new to Japan, with taxonomic notes on Cololejeunea obliqua (Nees & Mont.) Schiffn.

Two epiphyllous Lejeuneaceae, Cololejeunea yulensis (Steph.) Benedix and Rhaphidolejeunea spicata (Steph.) Grolle, are newly reported from Ryukyu, Japan, which is the northernmost locality for both. Cololejeunea yulensis was previously treated as a synonym of Cololejeunea obliqua (Nees & Mont.) Schiffn. by Tixier. Our studies reveal that Cololejeunea yulensis differs from C. obliqua in its perianth always bearing two large ear-like wings. Cololejeunea yulensis is thus reinstated as a separate species. Descriptions and illustrations are provided, based on the Japanese plants of the two. Cololejeunea obliqua, found in Sichuan Province, is also newly reported for China.