Atomic Indium-Doped Copper-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction to C₂₊ Products

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR) holds substantial promise for producing high-value chemicals and fuels, drawing significant attention from both academia and industry. This work proposes an in-situ electrodeposition method to prepare indium-doped copper (Cu)-based catalysts on carbon paper (Cu₁₀₀In_x−CP, x=3.9, 4.5, 4.8, 5.1, and 7.6, denoting the molar ratio of In to Cu in the catalyst.). The catalysts Cu₁₀₀In_x−CP were used for CO₂RR to produce multi-carbon (C₂₊) products. Characterization results showed that In was highly dispersed in the Cu particles at x<5.1. The Cu₁₀₀In_5.1−CP (containing 0.95 wt % In based on Cu) was very efficient for electrocatalytic CO₂RR. The in-situ Raman spectroscopy showed that Cu₁₀₀In_5.1−CP enhanced *CO intermediate adsorption and promoted the production of C₂₊ products due to the synergistic effect between In and Cu. In doping could suppress HER, enhanced *CO intermediate adsorption, and C−C coupling for the production of C₂₊ products in CO₂RR.