Artificial Synapse Based on Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite with Electric and Optical Modulation

Artificial synapse of neuromorphic computing has been attracting significant attention as an alternative concept for next-generation computing. Here, a two-terminal synaptic device based on potassium iodide (KI) and CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (MAPbI₃) hybrid film (KI–MAPbI₃) is reported. The use of KI as an additive in the film preparation process greatly reduces grain boundaries, facilitating the improvement of device performance. The prepared synaptic device exhibits dual response to electric and light stimuli due to the unique properties of MAPbI₃. Besides the successful simulation of biological synaptic functionalities such as paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), plasticity in long-term potentiation (LTP), and long-term depression (LTD), the learning behavior of human under different moods and Pavlov's dog experiment are also simulated by combining electric and light stimuli. For image recognition, the simulation result shows that the device achieves an accuracy of 84.2% under light illumination after only 1500 learning phases.