A General Strategy to Fine-Tune Group 14 Rhodamines for Ultrahigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio Labeling In Vivo by Nano-Aggregation

Ning Wang; Ting Wang; Mengting Fan; Chen Li; Yue Tian; Xiaoyan Cui

doi:10.1002/agt2.70077

A General Strategy to Fine-Tune Group 14 Rhodamines for Ultrahigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio Labeling In Vivo by Nano-Aggregation

Ning Wang
, Ting Wang
, Mengting Fan
, Chen Li
, Yue Tian
, Xiaoyan Cui^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Ultrahigh signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) labeling enables precise visualization of biological structures in vivo. We boosted fluorogenicity in group-14-rhodamines by comprehensively manipulating their dynamics in physical (aggregate/monomer, K_A/M) and chemical (closed/open spirolactone, K_C/O) states. Fluorogenic rhodamines were designed by group 14 (C, Si, Ge) substituted bridging regions in xanthene with tuned dialkylation. We quantified the impact of alkylation with the hydrophobicity (logP) over a wide range and confirmed that SNR can be sharply improved, owing to the promoted nano-aggregation (K_A/M) with high logP. Integrating K_A/M with K_C/O mechanisms, unparalleled fluorogenicity was observed in group-14-rhodamines: HaloTag probe with dipentylsilyl exhibits remarkable fluorogenicity (>2000) in vitro, enabling no-wash and multicolor super-resolution stimulated emission depletion imaging of high SNR (>300) in vivo. Overexpression of α_vβ₃ was sensitively tracked in vivo by RGDyK-based fluorogenic SiR probe through tuned K_A/M. Our proposed strategy has significantly promoted the fluorogenicity of group 14 rhodamines as a general mechanism.

Original language	English
Article number	e70077
Journal	Aggregate
Volume	6
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.70077
State	Published - Aug 2025

Keywords

fluorescence imaging
nano-aggregates
signal-to-noise ratio
substituted rhodamine
super-resolution microscopy

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10.1002/agt2.70077

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title = "A General Strategy to Fine-Tune Group 14 Rhodamines for Ultrahigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio Labeling In Vivo by Nano-Aggregation",

abstract = "Ultrahigh signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) labeling enables precise visualization of biological structures in vivo. We boosted fluorogenicity in group-14-rhodamines by comprehensively manipulating their dynamics in physical (aggregate/monomer, KA/M) and chemical (closed/open spirolactone, KC/O) states. Fluorogenic rhodamines were designed by group 14 (C, Si, Ge) substituted bridging regions in xanthene with tuned dialkylation. We quantified the impact of alkylation with the hydrophobicity (logP) over a wide range and confirmed that SNR can be sharply improved, owing to the promoted nano-aggregation (KA/M) with high logP. Integrating KA/M with KC/O mechanisms, unparalleled fluorogenicity was observed in group-14-rhodamines: HaloTag probe with dipentylsilyl exhibits remarkable fluorogenicity (>2000) in vitro, enabling no-wash and multicolor super-resolution stimulated emission depletion imaging of high SNR (>300) in vivo. Overexpression of αvβ3 was sensitively tracked in vivo by RGDyK-based fluorogenic SiR probe through tuned KA/M. Our proposed strategy has significantly promoted the fluorogenicity of group 14 rhodamines as a general mechanism.",

keywords = "fluorescence imaging, nano-aggregates, signal-to-noise ratio, substituted rhodamine, super-resolution microscopy",

author = "Ning Wang and Ting Wang and Mengting Fan and Chen Li and Yue Tian and Xiaoyan Cui",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s). Aggregate published by SCUT, AIEI, and John Wiley \& Sons Australia, Ltd.",

year = "2025",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1002/agt2.70077",

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T1 - A General Strategy to Fine-Tune Group 14 Rhodamines for Ultrahigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio Labeling In Vivo by Nano-Aggregation

AU - Wang, Ning

AU - Wang, Ting

AU - Fan, Mengting

AU - Li, Chen

AU - Tian, Yue

AU - Cui, Xiaoyan

PY - 2025/8

Y1 - 2025/8

N2 - Ultrahigh signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) labeling enables precise visualization of biological structures in vivo. We boosted fluorogenicity in group-14-rhodamines by comprehensively manipulating their dynamics in physical (aggregate/monomer, KA/M) and chemical (closed/open spirolactone, KC/O) states. Fluorogenic rhodamines were designed by group 14 (C, Si, Ge) substituted bridging regions in xanthene with tuned dialkylation. We quantified the impact of alkylation with the hydrophobicity (logP) over a wide range and confirmed that SNR can be sharply improved, owing to the promoted nano-aggregation (KA/M) with high logP. Integrating KA/M with KC/O mechanisms, unparalleled fluorogenicity was observed in group-14-rhodamines: HaloTag probe with dipentylsilyl exhibits remarkable fluorogenicity (>2000) in vitro, enabling no-wash and multicolor super-resolution stimulated emission depletion imaging of high SNR (>300) in vivo. Overexpression of αvβ3 was sensitively tracked in vivo by RGDyK-based fluorogenic SiR probe through tuned KA/M. Our proposed strategy has significantly promoted the fluorogenicity of group 14 rhodamines as a general mechanism.

AB - Ultrahigh signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) labeling enables precise visualization of biological structures in vivo. We boosted fluorogenicity in group-14-rhodamines by comprehensively manipulating their dynamics in physical (aggregate/monomer, KA/M) and chemical (closed/open spirolactone, KC/O) states. Fluorogenic rhodamines were designed by group 14 (C, Si, Ge) substituted bridging regions in xanthene with tuned dialkylation. We quantified the impact of alkylation with the hydrophobicity (logP) over a wide range and confirmed that SNR can be sharply improved, owing to the promoted nano-aggregation (KA/M) with high logP. Integrating KA/M with KC/O mechanisms, unparalleled fluorogenicity was observed in group-14-rhodamines: HaloTag probe with dipentylsilyl exhibits remarkable fluorogenicity (>2000) in vitro, enabling no-wash and multicolor super-resolution stimulated emission depletion imaging of high SNR (>300) in vivo. Overexpression of αvβ3 was sensitively tracked in vivo by RGDyK-based fluorogenic SiR probe through tuned KA/M. Our proposed strategy has significantly promoted the fluorogenicity of group 14 rhodamines as a general mechanism.

KW - fluorescence imaging

KW - nano-aggregates

KW - signal-to-noise ratio

KW - substituted rhodamine

KW - super-resolution microscopy

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105007558816

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DO - 10.1002/agt2.70077

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:105007558816

SN - 2766-8541

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ER -

A General Strategy to Fine-Tune Group 14 Rhodamines for Ultrahigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio Labeling In Vivo by Nano-Aggregation

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Keywords

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