2000—2020 年印度土地利用的时空演化及驱动因素分析

India has become the world's fastest-growing and one of the top ten big economy. Land resource plays an important role in India's development. As one of the countries with the largest cultivated land area and agricultural history, the spatial configuration and evolution of the land use of India are significant to global food safety and sustainability. We obtained the GlobeLand 30 land use data of India in the year 2000, 2010 and 2020, and classified the land use into six types including cultivated land, forest land, grassland, waterbody, construction land and unused land. Then we explored the size, composition, morphology and configuration of each land use type, examined the spatio-temporal evolution and conversation of land use by landscape metrics, rising and falling Tupu and transition Tupu. We also analyzed the driving force of land use change of India by the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. It is found that: (1) The cultivated land accounts as high as 62. 91 % of which is the main land use type. The patch is very irregular with the value of area weighted average fractal dimension index as 1. 37. The total area of cultivated land keeps stable, while more and more cultivated land has been changed to construction land due to rapid urbanization and growing population. (2)Forest land ranks second in terms of area. It shows obvious spatial agglomeration property. The area of forest land decreases slowly but steadily. It has changed into unused land from the year 2000 to 2010 with a transition rate of 19. 73%, and then interchanged with grassland from year 2011 to 2020, with the in and out transition rate of 17. 94% and 18. 17%, respectively. (3)The grassland of India distributes fragmentedly and dispersedly. It increases slowly and has the largest incremental area. The ratio of the incremental grassland area to all the incremental land is as high as 28. 31% and 28. 64% from 2000 to 2010, and 2011 to 2020, respectively, in which 18. 91% and 18. 17% are transited from forest land. (4)Most of the construction land is clustered in the national capital territory of Delhi, and West Bengal and Assam in east India. The patches of construction land are relatively regular. The area of construction land has increased rapidly recently. Its transition rate reaches as high as 2. 51% in which most are transited from cultivated land. (5)The extreme temperature, elevation, population, GDP and policy are the main driving forces both for cultivated and construction land-use change.