高铁建设对特殊类型地区产业转型升级的影响——来自资源型城市的证据

China's resource-based cities are located in more remote areas. As a major transportation infrastructure, high-speed rail has narrowed the spatio-temporal distance between resource-based cities and central cities, which has a profound impact on the industrial transformation and upgrading of resource-based cities. Taking 115 resource-based cities in China from 2003 to 2018 as samples, this paper empirically studied the impact of high-speed rail construction in these cities on regional industrial upgrading on the basis of depicting the spatio-temporal patterns of regional industrial transformation and upgrading. The results show that: (1) Compared with resource-based cities without high-speed rail, the opening of highspeed rail significantly promotes the industrial structure upgrading of such cities, but do not promote the upgrading of the internal structure of the service industry. This conclusion still holds after robustness tests such as parallel trend test, PSM-DID and instrumental variable method. (2) The higher degree centrality of resource-based cities in the high-speed rail network means that their location advantages are more obvious. With the increasing number of highspeed rail lines, resource-based cities with wider connections in the high-speed rail network have a stronger promoting effect on industrial structure upgrading. (3) The spatial heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of high-speed rail opening on industrial upgrading of resource-based cities is increasing with the increase of the distance from the regional central city, and the effect on urban transformation and upgrading within 100 km from the central city is not obvious. (4) The mechanism analysis shows that the opening of highspeed rail mainly promotes the industrial structure upgrading of resource-based cities through investment agglomeration effect and technological innovation effect, while the population agglomeration effect is not significant. Accordingly, it is suggested that the construction of highspeed rail lines in special regions should be accelerated to maximize the transformation effect of high-speed rail. Resource-based cities need to pay attention to the economic development opportunities brought by the opening of high-speed rail, actively cooperate with central cities, and gradually climb to the middle and high ends of the industrial chain. In addition, we should pay attention to the siphon effect of central cities after the opening of high-speed rail, vigorously develop characteristic industries, and form a differentiated development pattern with complementary advantages with regional central cities.