长三角集装箱港口直接腹地与间接腹地的识别与演化

Globalization and containerization have strengthened the connection between seaports and inland areas. Competing for the distant hinterland of ports, instead of being limited to the local hinterland, has become one of the vital paths to enhance port competitiveness under port regionalization. This study uses the weighted field strength model and liner contact data to simultaneously identify and analyze the evolution processes of the local hinterland, monopolistic distant hinterland, and competitive distant hinterland of 10 main container ports in the Yangtze River Delta in 2006, 2012, and 2019. The research findings show the characteristics of the port hinterland in the port regionalization stage as follows: (1) The local hinterland is still one of the focus points of the container inland port and seaport competition. During the study period, the expansion and contraction of the local hinterland of container ports in the Yangtze River Delta mainly occurred near Shanghai Port, Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, and Nanjing Port. The expansion of the local hinterland is highly coupled with the main traffic arteries. (2) Monopoly distant hinterland is a foothold for hub seaports to promote port regionalization, and Shanghai Port and Ningbo- Zhoushan Port present differentiated monopoly distant hinterland characteristics. Shanghai Port has transformed the local hinterland of container ports along the Yangtze River into its monopoly distant hinterland through river-sea combined transportation, which is widely distributed along the Yangtze River. Ningbo- Zhoushan Port lacks inland water ports to feed. Based on the manufacturing advantages of Zhejiang province, it chose to expand the local hinterland of Wenzhou Port into a monopoly distant hinterland, which has a limited range. (3) Competitive distant hinterland with wide distribution and fierce competition is one of the manifestations of port regionalization. The competitive distant hinterland of hub seaports is concentrated in the central and southern Anhui province and the southwestern corner of Zhejiang, which shows a trend of narrowing first and then expanding. This study attempts to reveal the hinterland system of container ports under the background of port regionalization, proposes a new method to characterize the distant hinterland of hub seaports quantitatively, and provides a reference for understanding the complexity of port regionalization.