跑台运动改善海马线粒体功能提高 APP/PS1 小鼠学习记忆能力

To study the effect of treadmill exercise on mitochondrial fission and fusion in hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice, thirty three-month-old C57BL/6 APP/PS1 mice and 30 wild mice were randomly divided into quiet control group (ADC, n = 15) and exercise group (ADE, n = 15) of APP/PS1, and quiet control group (WTC, n = 15) and exercise group (WTE, n = 15) of wild. The ADE and WTE groups performed treadmill exercise for 12 weeks, while the ADC and WTC groups were placed in quiet treadmill environment. Water maze test was used to detect spatial learning and memory ability of mice. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of key enzymes in mitochondrial function. Western blot test was used to detect hippocampal protein expression of fission, fusion and the key enzymes in mitochondria. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe mitochondrial fission and fusion in hippocampus. The results showed that the learning and memory abilities of 6-month-old APP/PS1 mice decreased (P< 0. 05). The expression of Mfn1, Mfn2 and Opa1 in hippocampus decreased (P < 0. 05), and the expression of mitochondrial cleavage proteins Drp1 and Mff increased (P < 0. 05). The structure of mitochondrial membrane was blurred, and crest was not obvious. The mitochondrial fragments increased and vacuolated mitochondria increased. The expression levels of COX IV and ATP synthase were down-regulated (P<0. 05). Treadmill exercise for 12-week could reverse the above changes in APP/PS1 mice, improve the structure and function of hippocampal mitochondria, and improve learning and memory ability. In conclusion, the mechanism of 12-week treadmill exercise improving the learning and memory ability of APP/PS1 mice may be related to the improvement of mitochondrial structure and function.