微生物电解池 CO₂ 电甲烷化的影响因素及电子中介体角色探究

Greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion have led to global ecological degradation and energy crisis. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new technologies for the conversion, re⁃ use and clean energy production of carbon dioxide (CO₂). Compared with the conventional technology of converting CO₂ into high-value products, the conversion of CO₂ into methane (CH₄), a low-carbon energy source, using microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, recyclable catalysts and green products, and has received a lot of attention from researchers. This paper reviews the current research status of CO₂ capture and high-value resource utilization, and discusses the main influencing factors of MEC-CO₂ electromethanation (such as inoculum source, reactor config⁃ uration, applied voltage, electrode material properties, etc.), briefly outlines the important role of e⁃ lectron shuttles, especially riboflavin, in MEC - CO₂ electromethanation and the biofilm formation process of electric methanogenic bacteria, points out the current technical bottleneck and future research direction of MEC-CO₂ electromethanation, and finally provides theoretical support for the de⁃ velopment of MEC-CO₂ electromethanation and the realization of "dual carbon" goal.