多维距离视角下高校毕业生回流就业影响因素研究

The employment migration issue of university graduates has become a hot issue of great social concern, as they are the main force of incoming labor force and the most important employment group. Under the background of severe employment situation, more and more university graduates who originally intended to work in economically-developed cities, have begun to rationally consider their career choice and actively choose to return hometown to seek development. Existing research focus on the return migration of floating population and migration of university graduates, while seldom concerning the new trend of the return migration of university graduates, and lacking the consideration of multidimensional distances. To bridge these gaps, this study firstly explores the characteristics of return migration of university graduates with statistical method, and then extends the analytical framework of multidimensional distance and proposes several research hypotheses, finally employs the logistic regression model to investigate the influencing factors on the return migration of university graduates and the individual heterogeneity of their effects to verify the hypotheses. The employed research data include the employment migration survey data of university graduates in 2022 and related city-level statistical data. The research findings are shown as below: the graduates who came from a higher-level city of hometown or studied in a lower-level city of university are more inclined to return hometown; graduates with higher human capital levels and lower family capital levels are less likely to return hometown; the geographic distance and institutional distance between the city of university and hometown exert significantly positive impacts on the return migration of graduates; the economic distance, information distance and technology distance exert significantly negative impacts on the return migration of graduates; the probabilities of return migration of graduates with a master degree and from double first-class universities decrease with the increase of economic distance and information distance, compared with those of graduates with a bachelor degree and from ordinary universities; the probability of return migration of graduates with non-agricultural hukou decreases with the growth of economic distance and the decline of technology distance, compared with that of graduates with agricultural hukou. These research conclusions provide scientific evidence and policy implications for reasonably guiding the return migration of graduates and promoting full and high-quality employment of graduates.