全球跨境水资源合作时空演变及生成机制

Transboundary water resources cooperation is of great significance to the sustainable development of human society and the protection of national water rights and interests. Based on historical transboundary water cooperation data from 1948-2008, this paper extracted and analyzed the cooperation relationships between 166 countries. By using social network analysis and level of analysis methods, the paper discussed the spatio- temporal evolution of transboundary water resources cooperation events and networks, as well as the generative mechanism and type of cooperation. We found that: Firstly, the number of events and the frequency of cooperation increased in fluctuation, and there were obvious phase changes. Secondly, the structure of the water cooperation network is characterized by multi-centrality, with a trend of decentralization, multi-polarization, and regionalization. The Eastern Bloc and the Western Bloc dominated global water cooperation in the Cold War era. Africa, Eastern Europe, and the surrounding areas of the Asian Water Tower have shown a high demand for water cooperation in the Post- Cold War Era. Thirdly, water cooperation is sensitive to geographical distances, and countries within the same basin interact frequently. Extraterritorial powers are involved in hotspot water cooperation affairs at different phases. Fourthly, state actors, regional cooperation relationships, and international cooperation system, represent three levels that comprehensively affect the generation of water cooperation relationships. And there are complex multi- factor interactions at each level. Coercive, utilitarian, normative, and ideological water cooperations are the four main types of transboundary water cooperation.