中美科技竞争力比较研究

Based on the elaboration of national scientific competitiveness, this paper builds the national science competitiveness evaluation system from 5 aspects, including scientific human resource competitiveness, scientific and financial resources competitiveness, scientific research competitiveness, technological innovation competitiveness and technology internationalization competitiveness, with specific comparison of science and technology development between China and the United States. Studies show that even though China has enhanced the scientific competitiveness, the United States surpasses China in both overall competitiveness and individual area like scientific investment, scientific research, technical innovation, and globalization of science and technology. For China, there is still a long way to improve scientific competitiveness further. After analyzing the present situation and the development trend of the scientific competitiveness between China and the United States, the paper believes that China should not only learn from the powerful and advanced scientific nations like the United States with new reforming and opening, but also be aware of self-weaknesses. China should stick to the two-wheel driver of scientific innovation and systematic innovation, the organic combination of development speed and the innovation quality, the mutual promotion of individual innovation and the open innovation, the innovation strategy focusing on quality and result, the enhancement of basic scientific research, the breakthrough of critical and core technology, the attraction of advanced scientific and innovative talents, so that the national scientific competitiveness could accelerate rapidly and continuously.