TY - JOUR
T1 - 中国沿海地区大气污染特征及其聚类分析
AU - Long, Lingbo
AU - She, Qiannan
AU - Meng, Ziqi
AU - Liu, Min
AU - Yue, Zhu
AU - Yan, Yuanyuan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences. All right reserved.
PY - 2018/12/1
Y1 - 2018/12/1
N2 - To identify the distribution characteristics of air pollution in the coastal areas of China, this paper analyzed the spatial-temporal variation of six criteria air pollutants (PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , O 3 , CO and SO 2 ) based on the observations from 115 cities in the coastal provinces of China during 2015-2016. Cluster analysis coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and improved Akaike information criterion (AIC) were applied to explore the regional pollution situations. The results showed that the coastal areas of China was seriously polluted by particulate matter (PM), with 70% cities for PM 2.5 and 54% cities for PM 10 fell below the national secondary standard, according to the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012). For ρ(PM 2.5 ), it demonstrated obvious spatial variations between the south and north, with Jinhua City in Zhejiang Province as a demarcation belt. The heavily polluted areas appeared in northern areas in which it showed an increasing trend from east to west. The O 3 concentrations around the Bohai Sea and Yangtze River Delta were at relatively high level, while the highest SO 2 concentration (71.3 μg/m 3 ) was located in middle Shandong Province. Furthermore, according to the observed six criteria air pollutants, all the 115 cities could be clustered into 3 categories. Cluster Ⅰ included 21 cities in south Hebei and west Shandong provinces. The spatial distribution for air pollutants were continuous and relatively centralized with the highest pollutant concentrations and the worst air qualities due to the local emission and diffusion conditions. Cluster Ⅱ included 42 cities which were mainly distributed in Liaoning province and the Yangtze River Delta. It showed medium air qualities with considerable SO 2 and NO 2 pollution due to coal burning, plants emission as well as vehicle and shipping emission. The PM 2.5 concentration in Cluster Ⅱ was 34.2% lower that of Cluster Ⅰ. Cluster Ⅲ included 52 cities with the best air quality and were mainly distributed in the southeast coastal areas of China with O 3 pollution due to monsoon and outside sources. Moreover, the average O 3 concentrations among the three clusters were similar but the seasonal variations were different. Specifically, Clusters Ⅰ and Ⅱ were characterized with the apparent seasonal variation and the highest values appeared in June. For Cluster Ⅲ, there was no obvious seasonal variations with the highest values in October. In particular, western Shandong and northern Jiangsu provinces showed similar pollution characteristics to southern Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Liuzhou was one of the air pollution hot spots in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
AB - To identify the distribution characteristics of air pollution in the coastal areas of China, this paper analyzed the spatial-temporal variation of six criteria air pollutants (PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , O 3 , CO and SO 2 ) based on the observations from 115 cities in the coastal provinces of China during 2015-2016. Cluster analysis coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and improved Akaike information criterion (AIC) were applied to explore the regional pollution situations. The results showed that the coastal areas of China was seriously polluted by particulate matter (PM), with 70% cities for PM 2.5 and 54% cities for PM 10 fell below the national secondary standard, according to the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012). For ρ(PM 2.5 ), it demonstrated obvious spatial variations between the south and north, with Jinhua City in Zhejiang Province as a demarcation belt. The heavily polluted areas appeared in northern areas in which it showed an increasing trend from east to west. The O 3 concentrations around the Bohai Sea and Yangtze River Delta were at relatively high level, while the highest SO 2 concentration (71.3 μg/m 3 ) was located in middle Shandong Province. Furthermore, according to the observed six criteria air pollutants, all the 115 cities could be clustered into 3 categories. Cluster Ⅰ included 21 cities in south Hebei and west Shandong provinces. The spatial distribution for air pollutants were continuous and relatively centralized with the highest pollutant concentrations and the worst air qualities due to the local emission and diffusion conditions. Cluster Ⅱ included 42 cities which were mainly distributed in Liaoning province and the Yangtze River Delta. It showed medium air qualities with considerable SO 2 and NO 2 pollution due to coal burning, plants emission as well as vehicle and shipping emission. The PM 2.5 concentration in Cluster Ⅱ was 34.2% lower that of Cluster Ⅰ. Cluster Ⅲ included 52 cities with the best air quality and were mainly distributed in the southeast coastal areas of China with O 3 pollution due to monsoon and outside sources. Moreover, the average O 3 concentrations among the three clusters were similar but the seasonal variations were different. Specifically, Clusters Ⅰ and Ⅱ were characterized with the apparent seasonal variation and the highest values appeared in June. For Cluster Ⅲ, there was no obvious seasonal variations with the highest values in October. In particular, western Shandong and northern Jiangsu provinces showed similar pollution characteristics to southern Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Liuzhou was one of the air pollution hot spots in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Cluster analysis
KW - Coastal area
KW - Spatial variation
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85062938851
U2 - 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2018.06.15
DO - 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2018.06.15
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:85062938851
SN - 1001-6929
VL - 31
SP - 2063
EP - 2072
JO - Research of Environmental Sciences
JF - Research of Environmental Sciences
IS - 12
ER -
