上海浦东东滩湿地斑嘴鸭和绿头鸭的越冬期 空间行为与栖息地利用

In this study, we studied the spatial behavior and habitat use pattern of the two most common ducks, five spot-billed ducks (Anas poecilorhyncha) and four mallards (A .platyrhynchos) in Dongtan Wetland of Pudong, Shanghai using GPS satellite tracking technology. The studies showed that the two anatid species began northward migration in early April. Each individual had a relatively fixed activity range during the wintering period with an average area of(15.073±25.390) km2 (95% FKE), and there was no significant difference between species. Main habitat types used by tracked ducks included the intertidal zone, canal, farmaland, and inland water, the utilization percentage are 38.45%, 32.46%, 19.88% and 8.85% respectively. Among them, the intertidal zone and canal were the two types of mainly used habitat by all tracked individuals. Although farmland is the main type of landform in the study area, and are potential feeding ground of ducks in winter, it was only used by four tracked individuals and mainly used at night to avoid human disturbance in the daytime. All tracked individuals kept active at night and showed activity peaks at dusk and early morning. These findings were the first to systematically revealed the temporal and spatial characteristics of habitat utilization, activity patterns and activity range of ducks in winter in Shanghai, providing basic data for waterbird conservation and management in highly urbanized areas.